本計劃由香港公益金資助
This project is funded by The Community Chest
Diabetes Mellitus
What is Diabetes Mellitus?
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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with disordered metabolism.
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Occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or the body cannot effectively use the insulin.
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Leading to an increased concentration of glucose in the blood
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Increases the risk of cerebrovascular disease, heart diseases, foot gangrene, retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy.
Diabetes in Hong Kong
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Top ten of the killer in Hong Kong
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One in ten of the adult suffers from Diabetes
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728 died of diabetes in 2004 : 43% and 57% Female (DHHK 2006)
Causes of Diabetes Mellitus
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No definite cause found yet
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Genetic or personal reason
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Some drug or disease - cause pancreatic damage / affect pancreatic function in secreting insulin
Risk factors
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Genetic factor: Family history of DM
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Obesity
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Getting older usually after 45 years of age
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History of gestational diabetes or having big baby
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Lack of exercise
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Smoking, drinking too much alcohol
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People with cardiovascular diseases
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People who has endocrine disease, pancreatic disease; and those taking steroid.
Common symptoms
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Many notice the disease only when the complications arise
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>70% do not know they got DM
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When blood sugar is high
- Frequent urination, especially at night
- Thirsty all the time
- General tiredness
- Weight loss
- Blurred
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Increase appetite and feel hungry easily
Prevention
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Eat balanced diet (more high fiber food: vegetable, fruit, cereals, whole grain)
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Do regular exercise
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Maintain ideal body weight
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Avoid eating too much at one time to prevent accumulation of calorie and body fat
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Avoid food that is too sweet and too oily
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Parents should encourage children to develop good eating habit
Treatment
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Early stage: consult dietitian, healthy diet, exercise
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If unsatisfactory control: Oral hypoglycaemic agent
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Later stage: may need insulin injection